{"kind":"expression","expression":{"expr_id":"511","doc_id":"511","label":"2022 Revision","is_as_enacted":"f","commenced_on":"2022-01-31","superseded_on":null,"valid_from":"2022-01-31","valid_to":null,"is_current":"t","incorporating":"[\"Act 61\/2020 - Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2020 - LG1\/2021\/s5 - 7-Jan-2021\"]","akn_expr_iri":"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31","akn_envelope":"{\"_canary\": {\"iri\": {\"work\": \"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\", \"expression\": \"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31\", \"manifestation\": \"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31.pdf\"}, \"pdf\": {\"md5\": \"0e8301988dfe646ae19c80b4776a5974\", \"path\": \"\/Users\/q\/kyleg-data\/working\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf\", \"pages\": 16, \"filename\": \"1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf\"}, \"errors\": [], \"extraction\": {\"model\": null, \"stats\": {\"word_count\": 2626, \"paragraph_count\": 11, \"text_char_count\": 17366}, \"usage\": null, \"method\": \"pymupdf-text\", \"version\": \"kyleg-akn-1.0\", \"extracted_at\": \"2026-06-22\"}, \"classification\": \"text_layer\", \"validation_flags\": [], \"docai_processor_id\": null}, \"akomaNtoso\": {\"act\": {\"body\": [{\"eId\": \"sec_n1\", \"num\": null, \"text\": \"ENDNOTES Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) PROPERTY (MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS) ACT (2022 Revision)\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_1\", \"num\": \"1.\", \"text\": \"Short title 1. This Act may be cited as the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision).\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_2\", \"num\": \"2.\", \"text\": \"Charges over debts and other obligations 2. (1) A debt or thing in action may be the subject of a fixed or floating charge (and is not thereby extinguished, released or merged) notwithstanding that the chargee is the obligor. (2) If, and for so long as, a mortgage, legal or equitable, of a debt or thing in action cannot take effect as such by reason that the intended mortgagee is the obligor, it takes effect as a charge.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_3\", \"num\": \"3.\", \"text\": \"Trusts over debts 3. A trust may be validly created of an existing debt notwithstanding that the debtor is the trustee of the trust, and the effect of so doing is that that debtor has an equitable obligation to the beneficiaries on the same terms as the debt to make payment to the trust fund. Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_4\", \"num\": \"4.\", \"text\": \"Dispositions in favour of illegitimate issue not void 4. There is hereby abolished as respects dispositions made after 23rd November, 1994, any rule of law that a disposition in favour of illegitimate issue not in being when the disposition takes effect is void as contrary to public policy.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_5\", \"num\": \"5.\", \"text\": \"Legal assignments of things in action. 5. (1) Subject to subsection (2), any absolute assignment by writing signed by the assignor or the assignor\u2019s agent lawfully authorised in writing (not purporting to be by way of charge only) of any debt or thing in action, of which express notice in writing has been given to the person from whom the assignor would have been entitled to claim such debt or thing in action, is effectual in law (subject to equities having priority over the right of the assignee) to pass and transfer from the date of such notice \u2014 (a) the legal right to such debt or thing in action; (b) all legal and other remedies for the same; and (c) the power to give a good discharge for the same without the concurrence of the assignor. (2) If the person liable in respect of such debt or thing in action has notice \u2014 (a) that the assignment is disputed by the assignor or any person claiming under that assignor; or (b) of any other opposing or conflicting claims to such debt or thing in action, that person may, if that person thinks fit, either call upon the person making claim thereto to interplead concerning the same, or pay the debt or other thing in action into court under the Trusts Act (2021 Revision) or any statutory modification or successor thereto. 5A. Requirements for assigning equitable interest 5A. (1) An assignment of an equitable interest subsisting at the time of the assignment may be made only \u2014 (a) in writing, signed by the person assigning the interest or that person\u2019s agent lawfully authorised in writing; or (b) by will. (2) However, subsection (1) shall not apply to the creation or operation of a constructive, implied or resulting trust. Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_6\", \"num\": \"6.\", \"text\": \"Things in action represented by bearer instruments 6. Except as provided by any other law, a legal or equitable thing in action, other than interests in land in the Islands, is capable of being evidenced or represented by a bearer instrument such that a disposition thereof may, subject to the terms of the instrument, be effected by delivery of the instrument; but unless so provided by the terms of the instrument the disponer is not relieved of any obligation or liability thereunder. 6A. Construction of expressions used in deeds and other instruments 6A. In a deed, contract, will, order or other instrument, unless the context otherwise requires \u2014 (a) \u201cmonth\u201d means a calendar month; (b) \u201cperson\u201d includes a company or corporation; (c) the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and (d) the masculine includes the feminine and vice versa.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_7\", \"num\": \"7.\", \"text\": \"Bodies corporate holding as joint tenants 7. (1) A body corporate shall be capable of acquiring and holding any real or personal property in joint tenancy in the same manner as if it were an individual; and where a body corporate and an individual, or two or more bodies corporate, become entitled to any such property under circumstances or by virtue of any instrument which would, if the body corporate had been an individual, have created a joint tenancy, they shall be entitled to the property as joint tenants: Provided that the acquisition and holding of property by a body corporate in joint tenancy shall be subject to the like conditions and restrictions as attached to the acquisition and holding of property by a body corporate in severalty. (2) Where a body corporate is joint tenant of any property, then, on its dissolution, the property shall devolve on the other joint tenant.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_8\", \"num\": \"8.\", \"text\": \"Deeds and certain other instruments no longer required to be executed under seal 8. (1) Subject to subsection (5), an instrument is validly executed by an individual as a deed or an instrument under seal if it satisfies the requirements of this section. (2) A deed or instrument under seal satisfies the requirements of this section if \u2014 (a) it is signed in accordance with subsection (3); and (b) it is either \u2014 (i) sealed; or (ii) expressed to be, or is expressed to be executed as, or otherwise makes clear on its face it is intended to be, a deed. Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) (3) For the purpose of this section, a deed or instrument under seal may be signed in any manner contemplated by the parties thereto, including, without limitation \u2014 (a) by a signature on the complete deed or instrument; or (b) by a signature on any signature page or execution page to the deed or instrument (whether or not the deed or instrument is at such time in final form) which is attached by the individual to (or at the direction of, or on behalf of, the individual, or otherwise with the individual\u2019s authority to) the deed or instrument, if the deed or instrument is (or the signature page or execution page, as the case may be, is) signed either \u2014 (i) by the individual in the presence of a witness who attests that individual\u2019s signature; or (ii) at the direction of the individual and in that individual\u2019s presence and the presence of two witnesses who each attests the signature of the person signing on behalf of the individual and that the individual so directed such person to sign. (3A) Subsection (3) shall apply to deeds or instruments under seal regardless of whether they are made before, on or after the commencement of subsection (3) provided that no deed or instrument made before the commencement of subsection (3) shall be invalid by reason only of any provision of subsection (3). (4) In this section \u2014 (a) a deed or instrument under seal may take the form of an electronic record within the definition of that expression contained in section 2 of the Electronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision); and (b) \u201csign\u201d in relation to a deed or instrument under seal \u2014 (i) where the deed or instrument is written on a tangible medium, includes an individual making that individual\u2019s mark on the deed or instrument, and \u201csignature\u201d is to be construed accordingly; and (ii) where the deed or instrument is in the form of an electronic record, \u201csignature\u201d means an electronic signature as provided by section 19 of the Electronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision), and \u201csign\u201d shall be construed accordingly. (4A) During the period commencing on the date of commencement of the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2020 and ending on 16th April, 2022 or at such other date as Cabinet may by Order appoint \u2014 (a)  where an individual or another person, at the direction of the individual or on behalf of the individual, signs a deed or instrument in the virtual presence of a witness \u2014 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) (i)  the witness must be able to contemporaneously view the signing of the deed or instrument remotely; and (ii)  where the individual signing the deed or instrument is not personally known to the witness, the individual shall present a valid photo identification to the witness contemporaneously; (b)  a person is in the virtual presence of another if, using communication technology, both persons are able to contemporaneously see, hear and speak to each other; (c) \u201ccommunication technology\u201d means any electronic device or process that facilitates communication of visual images and audio in real time; (d) \u201celectronic\u201d means relating to technology having electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities, whether digital, analogue or otherwise; and (e) \u201cpresence\u201d includes virtual presence. (5) The provisions of subsections (1) to (4A) are without prejudice to the validity of any instrument under seal validly executed as such whether before or after 23rd November, 1994, as the case may be. (6) For the avoidance of doubt, subsections (4) and (4A) shall not limit or otherwise affect the application of the Electronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision) to an instrument or to writing, or the signing of an instrument or writing, mentioned in another section of this Act. (7)  The Cabinet may make regulations providing for such matters as may be necessary for giving effect to subsection (4A). 8A. Disclaimer of power 8A. (1) A person who holds a power may disclaim it by a deed executed before exercising the power. (2) From the making of the disclaimer \u2014 (a) the person cannot exercise the power; and (b) unless the instrument that created the power otherwise provides, anyone else who also held the power immediately before the disclaimer may exercise the power. (3) In this section \u2014 \u201cexercise\u201d, a power, includes joining in its exercise; and \u201cpower\u2019 includes a power coupled with an interest. 8B. Execution of non-testamentary power 8B. (1) This section applies if \u2014 (a) an instrument (the \u201cempowering instrument\u201d) creates a power; Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) (b) the empowering instrument authorises or requires the power to be exercised by deed or another type of non-testamentary instrument (an \u201cinstrument of exercise\u201d); and (c) a particular instrument of exercise is executed as a deed in the ordinary way. (2) The instrument of exercise is, so far as its execution is concerned, taken to be a valid exercise of the power. (3) Subsection (2) applies even if the empowering instrument expressly requires an instrument of exercise to be executed with an additional or other form of execution or solemnity. (4) However, subsection (2) shall not affect a requirement under the empowering instrument that, before exercising the power \u2014 (a) a particular person\u2019s consent is required; or (b) an act, not relating to the mode of executing an instrument of exercise, is to be performed. (5) In this section \u2014 \u201cexecuted\u201d includes attested. 8C. Repealed for Islands of section 9 of Statute of Frauds, 1677 8C. Section 9 of the Parliament of England and Wales\u2019s Statute of Frauds, 1677 is repealed to the extent the section applies to the Islands.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_9\", \"num\": \"9.\", \"text\": \"Application 9. Except where expressly provided to the contrary herein, this Act applies to any charge, mortgage, trust, assignment, bearer instrument or joint tenancy created, given or executed or purportedly created, given or executed before or after 23rd November, 1994 and no such charge, mortgage, trust, assignment, bearer instrument or joint tenancy shall be invalid by reason only of the fact that it was created or purportedly created, given or executed or purportedly created, given or executed prior to 23rd November, 1994.\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}, {\"eId\": \"sec_10\", \"num\": \"10.\", \"text\": \"Transitional provisions for Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Law, 2016 10. (1) Section 5 of the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2011 Revision), the Law in force immediately before the commencement of the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Law, 2016 [Law 25 of 2016] (hereinafter referred to as the \u201camending Law\u201d) shall continue to apply for assignments of debts and things in action before the commencement of the amending Law. Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) (2) Sections 5A, 6A, 8A and 8B shall only apply for a document made or an event that happens after the commencement of the amending Law. Publication in consolidated and revised form authorised by the Cabinet this 11th day of January, 2022. Kim Bullings Clerk of the Cabinet Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) ENDNOTES ENDNOTES Table of Legislation history: SL # Law\/Act # Legislation Commencement Gazette 61\/2020 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 7-Jan-2021 LG1\/2021\/s5 53\/2020 Citation of Acts of Parliament Act, 2020 3-Dec-2020 LG89\/2020\/s1 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2017 Revision) 31-May-2017 GE45\/2017\/s29 26\/2016 Trusts (Amendment) Law, 2016 23-Nov-2016 GE93\/2016\/s3 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2011 Revision) 7-Nov-2011 G23\/2011\/s12 14\/2011 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Law, 2011 27-Apr-2011 GE32\/2011\/s1 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2001 Revision) 26-Feb-2001 G5\/2001\/s8 7\/2000 Electronic Transactions Law, 2000 11-Sep-2000 G19\/2000\/s2 Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (1999 Revision) 15-Mar-1999 G6\/1999\/s1 7\/1994 Property (Miscellaneous Revisions) Law, 1994 23-Nov-1994 GE23Nov\/1994\/s2 ENDNOTES Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) ENDNOTES ENDNOTES Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision) (Price: $3.20)\", \"element\": \"section\", \"heading\": null}], \"meta\": {\"notes\": null, \"workflow\": null, \"lifecycle\": {\"source\": \"#cilegis\", \"eventRef\": [{\"eId\": \"e_commence_2022_01_31\", \"date\": \"2022-01-31\", \"type\": \"generation\", \"source\": \"#cilegis\"}]}, \"references\": {\"source\": \"#canary\", \"TLCRole\": [], \"TLCEvent\": [{\"eId\": \"ev_commencement\", \"href\": \"\/akn\/ontology\/canary\/event\/commencement\", \"showAs\": \"commencement\"}], \"TLCPerson\": [], \"TLCConcept\": [{\"eId\": \"inForce\", \"href\": \"\/akn\/ontology\/canary\/concept\/temporal\/in-force\", \"showAs\": \"in force\"}], \"TLCProcess\": [], \"TLCLocation\": [], \"TLCOrganization\": [{\"eId\": \"cilegis\", \"href\": \"\/akn\/ontology\/canary\/organization\/editor\/cilegis\", \"showAs\": 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\"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31\/!main\", \"FRBRauthor\": [{\"as\": \"#editor\", \"href\": \"\/akn\/ontology\/canary\/organization\/editor\/cilegis\"}], \"FRBRlanguage\": \"eng\"}, \"FRBRManifestation\": {\"FRBRuri\": \"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31.xml\", \"FRBRdate\": [{\"date\": \"2026-06-22\", \"name\": \"generation\"}], \"FRBRthis\": \"\/akn\/ky\/act\/1994\/7\/eng@2022-01-31.xml\", \"FRBRauthor\": [{\"as\": \"#editor\", \"href\": \"\/akn\/ontology\/canary\/organization\/editor\/cilegis\"}], \"FRBRformat\": \"application\/xml\"}}}, \"name\": \"act\", \"header\": {\"title\": \"Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act\", \"actNumber\": \"7 of 1994\", \"longTitle\": null}}, \"doc\": null, \"bill\": null, \"judgment\": null}}","akn_full_text":"CAYMAN ISLANDS\n\nPROPERTY (MISCELLANEOUS\nPROVISIONS) ACT\n(2022 Revision)\n\nSupplement No. 4 published with Legislation Gazette No. 7 of 31st January, 2022.\n\nPage 2\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\nPUBLISHING DETAILS\nLaw 7 of 1994, as amended by the Citation of Acts of Parliament Act, 2020 [Act 56 of\n2020], and consolidated with Laws 7 of 2000 (part), 14 of 2011, 25 of 2016 and Act 61 of\n2020.\n\nRevised under the authority of the Law Revision Act (2020 Revision).\n\nOriginally enacted \u2014\nLaw 7 of 1994-23rd September, 1994\nLaw 7 of 2000- 20th July, 2000\nLaw 14 of 2011-11th April, 2011\nLaw 25 of 2016-24th October, 2016\nAct 56 of 2020-7th December, 2020\nAct 61 of 2020-16th December, 2020.\n\nConsolidated and revised this 31st December, 2021.\n\nNote (not forming part of this Act): This revision replaces the 2017 Revision which\nshould now be discarded.\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nArrangement of Sections\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 3\n\nCAYMAN ISLANDS\n\nPROPERTY (MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS)\nACT\n(2022 Revision)\nArrangement of Sections\nSection\nPage\n1.\nShort title ...................................................................................................................................... 5\n2.\nCharges over debts and other obligations .................................................................................... 5\n3.\nTrusts over debts .......................................................................................................................... 5\n4.\nDispositions in favour of illegitimate issue not void ...................................................................... 6\n5.\nLegal assignments of things in action. .......................................................................................... 6\n5A.\nRequirements for assigning equitable interest ............................................................................. 6\n6.\nThings in action represented by bearer instruments .................................................................... 7\n6A.\nConstruction of expressions used in deeds and other instruments .............................................. 7\n7.\nBodies corporate holding as joint tenants..................................................................................... 7\n8.\nDeeds and certain other instruments no longer required to be executed under seal ................... 7\n8A.\nDisclaimer of power ...................................................................................................................... 9\n8B.\nExecution of non-testamentary power .......................................................................................... 9\n8C.\nRepealed for Islands of section 9 of Statute of Frauds, 1677 .................................................... 10\n9.\nApplication .................................................................................................................................. 10\n10.\nTransitional provisions for Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Law, 2016 ........ 10\nENDNOTES\n13\nTable of Legislation history: ................................................................................................................. 13\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nSection 1\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 5\n\nCAYMAN ISLANDS\n\nPROPERTY (MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS)\nACT\n(2022 Revision)\n\n1.\nShort title\n1.\nThis Act may be cited as the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022\nRevision).\n2.\nCharges over debts and other obligations\n2.\n(1) A debt or thing in action may be the subject of a fixed or floating charge (and is\nnot thereby extinguished, released or merged) notwithstanding that the chargee\nis the obligor.\n(2) If, and for so long as, a mortgage, legal or equitable, of a debt or thing in action\ncannot take effect as such by reason that the intended mortgagee is the obligor,\nit takes effect as a charge.\n3.\nTrusts over debts\n3.\nA trust may be validly created of an existing debt notwithstanding that the debtor is\nthe trustee of the trust, and the effect of so doing is that that debtor has an equitable\nobligation to the beneficiaries on the same terms as the debt to make payment to the\ntrust fund.\n\nSection 4\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\n\nPage 6\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\n4.\nDispositions in favour of illegitimate issue not void\n4.\nThere is hereby abolished as respects dispositions made after 23rd November, 1994,\nany rule of law that a disposition in favour of illegitimate issue not in being when the\ndisposition takes effect is void as contrary to public policy.\n5.\nLegal assignments of things in action.\n5.\n(1) Subject to subsection (2), any absolute assignment by writing signed by the\nassignor or the assignor\u2019s agent lawfully authorised in writing (not purporting\nto be by way of charge only) of any debt or thing in action, of which express\nnotice in writing has been given to the person from whom the assignor would\nhave been entitled to claim such debt or thing in action, is effectual in law\n(subject to equities having priority over the right of the assignee) to pass and\ntransfer from the date of such notice \u2014\n(a) the legal right to such debt or thing in action;\n(b) all legal and other remedies for the same; and\n(c) the power to give a good discharge for the same without the concurrence\nof the assignor.\n(2) If the person liable in respect of such debt or thing in action has notice \u2014\n(a) that the assignment is disputed by the assignor or any person claiming\nunder that assignor; or\n(b) of any other opposing or conflicting claims to such debt or thing in action,\nthat person may, if that person thinks fit, either call upon the person making\nclaim thereto to interplead concerning the same, or pay the debt or other thing\nin action into court under the Trusts Act (2021 Revision) or any statutory\nmodification or successor thereto.\n5A.\nRequirements for assigning equitable interest\n5A. (1) An assignment of an equitable interest subsisting at the time of the assignment\nmay be made only \u2014\n(a) in writing, signed by the person assigning the interest or that person\u2019s agent\nlawfully authorised in writing; or\n(b) by will.\n(2) However, subsection (1) shall not apply to the creation or operation of a\nconstructive, implied or resulting trust.\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nSection 6\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 7\n\n6.\nThings in action represented by bearer instruments\n6.\nExcept as provided by any other law, a legal or equitable thing in action, other than\ninterests in land in the Islands, is capable of being evidenced or represented by a\nbearer instrument such that a disposition thereof may, subject to the terms of the\ninstrument, be effected by delivery of the instrument; but unless so provided by the\nterms of the instrument the disponer is not relieved of any obligation or liability\nthereunder.\n6A.\nConstruction of expressions used in deeds and other instruments\n6A. In a deed, contract, will, order or other instrument, unless the context otherwise\nrequires \u2014\n(a) \u201cmonth\u201d means a calendar month;\n(b) \u201cperson\u201d includes a company or corporation;\n(c) the singular includes the plural and vice versa; and\n(d) the masculine includes the feminine and vice versa.\n7.\nBodies corporate holding as joint tenants\n7.\n(1) A body corporate shall be capable of acquiring and holding any real or personal\nproperty in joint tenancy in the same manner as if it were an individual; and\nwhere a body corporate and an individual, or two or more bodies corporate,\nbecome entitled to any such property under circumstances or by virtue of any\ninstrument which would, if the body corporate had been an individual, have\ncreated a joint tenancy, they shall be entitled to the property as joint tenants:\nProvided that the acquisition and holding of property by a body corporate in\njoint tenancy shall be subject to the like conditions and restrictions as attached\nto the acquisition and holding of property by a body corporate in severalty.\n(2) Where a body corporate is joint tenant of any property, then, on its dissolution,\nthe property shall devolve on the other joint tenant.\n8.\nDeeds and certain other instruments no longer required to be executed\nunder seal\n8.\n(1) Subject to subsection (5), an instrument is validly executed by an individual as\na deed or an instrument under seal if it satisfies the requirements of this section.\n(2) A deed or instrument under seal satisfies the requirements of this section if \u2014\n(a) it is signed in accordance with subsection (3); and\n(b) it is either \u2014\n(i)\nsealed; or\n(ii) expressed to be, or is expressed to be executed as, or otherwise makes\nclear on its face it is intended to be, a deed.\n\nSection 8\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\n\nPage 8\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\n(3) For the purpose of this section, a deed or instrument under seal may be signed\nin any manner contemplated by the parties thereto, including, without\nlimitation \u2014\n(a) by a signature on the complete deed or instrument; or\n(b) by a signature on any signature page or execution page to the deed or\ninstrument (whether or not the deed or instrument is at such time in final\nform) which is attached by the individual to (or at the direction of, or on\nbehalf of, the individual, or otherwise with the individual\u2019s authority to)\nthe deed or instrument,\nif the deed or instrument is (or the signature page or execution page, as the case\nmay be, is) signed either \u2014\n(i)\nby the individual in the presence of a witness who attests that\nindividual\u2019s signature; or\n(ii) at the direction of the individual and in that individual\u2019s presence and\nthe presence of two witnesses who each attests the signature of the\nperson signing on behalf of the individual and that the individual so\ndirected such person to sign.\n(3A) Subsection (3) shall apply to deeds or instruments under seal regardless of\nwhether they are made before, on or after the commencement of subsection (3)\nprovided that no deed or instrument made before the commencement of\nsubsection (3) shall be invalid by reason only of any provision of subsection (3).\n(4) In this section \u2014\n(a) a deed or instrument under seal may take the form of an electronic record\nwithin the definition of that expression contained in section 2 of the\nElectronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision); and\n(b) \u201csign\u201d in relation to a deed or instrument under seal \u2014\n(i)\nwhere the deed or instrument is written on a tangible medium,\nincludes an individual making that individual\u2019s mark on the deed or\ninstrument, and \u201csignature\u201d is to be construed accordingly; and\n(ii) where the deed or instrument is in the form of an electronic record,\n\u201csignature\u201d means an electronic signature as provided by section 19\nof the Electronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision), and \u201csign\u201d shall\nbe construed accordingly.\n(4A) During the period commencing on the date of commencement of the Property\n(Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2020 and ending on 16th April,\n2022 or at such other date as Cabinet may by Order appoint \u2014\n(a)  where an individual or another person, at the direction of the individual or\non behalf of the individual, signs a deed or instrument in the virtual\npresence of a witness \u2014\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nSection 8A\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 9\n\n(i)  the witness must be able to contemporaneously view the signing of\nthe deed or instrument remotely; and\n(ii)  where the individual signing the deed or instrument is not personally\nknown to the witness, the individual shall present a valid photo\nidentification to the witness contemporaneously;\n(b)  a person is in the virtual presence of another if, using communication\ntechnology, both persons are able to contemporaneously see, hear and\nspeak to each other;\n(c) \u201ccommunication technology\u201d means any electronic device or process that\nfacilitates communication of visual images and audio in real time;\n(d) \u201celectronic\u201d means relating to technology having electrical, magnetic,\noptical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities, whether digital, analogue\nor otherwise; and\n(e) \u201cpresence\u201d includes virtual presence.\n(5) The provisions of subsections (1) to (4A) are without prejudice to the validity\nof any instrument under seal validly executed as such whether before or after\n23rd November, 1994, as the case may be.\n(6) For the avoidance of doubt, subsections (4) and (4A) shall not limit or otherwise\naffect the application of the Electronic Transactions Act (2003 Revision) to an\ninstrument or to writing, or the signing of an instrument or writing, mentioned\nin another section of this Act.\n(7)  The Cabinet may make regulations providing for such matters as may be\nnecessary for giving effect to subsection (4A).\n8A.\nDisclaimer of power\n8A. (1) A person who holds a power may disclaim it by a deed executed before\nexercising the power.\n(2) From the making of the disclaimer \u2014\n(a) the person cannot exercise the power; and\n(b) unless the instrument that created the power otherwise provides, anyone\nelse who also held the power immediately before the disclaimer may\nexercise the power.\n(3) In this section \u2014\n\u201cexercise\u201d, a power, includes joining in its exercise; and\n\u201cpower\u2019 includes a power coupled with an interest.\n8B.\nExecution of non-testamentary power\n8B. (1) This section applies if \u2014\n(a) an instrument (the \u201cempowering instrument\u201d) creates a power;\n\nSection 8C\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\n\nPage 10\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\n(b) the empowering instrument authorises or requires the power to be\nexercised by deed or another type of non-testamentary instrument (an\n\u201cinstrument of exercise\u201d); and\n(c) a particular instrument of exercise is executed as a deed in the\nordinary way.\n(2) The instrument of exercise is, so far as its execution is concerned, taken to be a\nvalid exercise of the power.\n(3) Subsection (2) applies even if the empowering instrument expressly requires an\ninstrument of exercise to be executed with an additional or other form of\nexecution or solemnity.\n(4) However, subsection (2) shall not affect a requirement under the empowering\ninstrument that, before exercising the power \u2014\n(a) a particular person\u2019s consent is required; or\n(b) an act, not relating to the mode of executing an instrument of exercise, is\nto be performed.\n(5) In this section \u2014\n\u201cexecuted\u201d includes attested.\n8C.\nRepealed for Islands of section 9 of Statute of Frauds, 1677\n8C. Section 9 of the Parliament of England and Wales\u2019s Statute of Frauds, 1677 is\nrepealed to the extent the section applies to the Islands.\n9.\nApplication\n9.\nExcept where expressly provided to the contrary herein, this Act applies to any\ncharge, mortgage, trust, assignment, bearer instrument or joint tenancy created, given\nor executed or purportedly created, given or executed before or after 23rd November,\n1994 and no such charge, mortgage, trust, assignment, bearer instrument or joint\ntenancy shall be invalid by reason only of the fact that it was created or purportedly\ncreated, given or executed or purportedly created, given or executed prior to 23rd\nNovember, 1994.\n10.\nTransitional\nprovisions\nfor\nProperty\n(Miscellaneous\nProvisions)\n(Amendment) Law, 2016\n10. (1) Section 5 of the Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2011 Revision), the\nLaw in force immediately before the commencement of the Property\n(Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Law, 2016 [Law 25 of 2016]\n(hereinafter referred to as the \u201camending Law\u201d) shall continue to apply for\nassignments of debts and things in action before the commencement of the\namending Law.\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nSection 10\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 11\n\n(2) Sections 5A, 6A, 8A and 8B shall only apply for a document made or an event\nthat happens after the commencement of the amending Law.\nPublication in consolidated and revised form authorised by the Cabinet this 11th\nday of January, 2022.\nKim Bullings\nClerk of the Cabinet\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nENDNOTES\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 13\n\nENDNOTES\nTable of Legislation history:\nSL #\nLaw\/Act #\nLegislation\nCommencement\nGazette\n\n61\/2020\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act,\n2020\n7-Jan-2021\nLG1\/2021\/s5\n\n53\/2020\nCitation of Acts of Parliament Act, 2020\n3-Dec-2020\nLG89\/2020\/s1\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2017\nRevision)\n31-May-2017\nGE45\/2017\/s29\n\n26\/2016\nTrusts (Amendment) Law, 2016\n23-Nov-2016\nGE93\/2016\/s3\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2011\nRevision)\n7-Nov-2011\nG23\/2011\/s12\n\n14\/2011\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment)\nLaw, 2011\n27-Apr-2011\nGE32\/2011\/s1\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (2001\nRevision)\n26-Feb-2001\nG5\/2001\/s8\n\n7\/2000\nElectronic Transactions Law, 2000\n11-Sep-2000\nG19\/2000\/s2\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Law (1999\nRevision)\n15-Mar-1999\nG6\/1999\/s1\n\n7\/1994\nProperty (Miscellaneous Revisions) Law, 1994\n23-Nov-1994 GE23Nov\/1994\/s2\n\nENDNOTES\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\n\nPage 14\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\nENDNOTES\n\nc\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nPage 15\n\nENDNOTES\nProperty (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (2022 Revision)\n\nPage 16\nRevised as at 31st December, 2021\nc\n\n(Price: $3.20)","akn_extracted_at":"2026-06-22 15:37:05.619968+00","cms_id":"1994-0007","law_type":"principal","year":"1994","number":"7","title":"Property (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act","status":"in_force"},"provenance":{"files":[{"file_id":"20124","expr_id":"511","kind":"akn_xml","filename":"1994-0007_2022 Revision.akn.xml","source_url":null,"storage_path":"\/Users\/q\/kyleg-data\/working\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.akn.xml","content_md5":"88aaff3ca73d4e9ddb064668da050bed","byte_size":"17402","http_last_modified":null,"fetched_at":"2026-06-22 15:37:05.677851+00"},{"file_id":"18897","expr_id":"511","kind":"pristine_pdf","filename":"1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","source_url":"\/cms\/images\/LEGISLATION\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","storage_path":"\/Users\/q\/kyleg-data\/pristine\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","content_md5":"0e8301988dfe646ae19c80b4776a5974","byte_size":"883888","http_last_modified":null,"fetched_at":"2026-06-21 23:09:37.048501+00"},{"file_id":"18898","expr_id":"511","kind":"working_pdf","filename":"1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","source_url":"\/cms\/images\/LEGISLATION\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","storage_path":"\/Users\/q\/kyleg-data\/working\/PRINCIPAL\/1994\/1994-0007\/1994-0007_2022 Revision.pdf","content_md5":"0e8301988dfe646ae19c80b4776a5974","byte_size":"883888","http_last_modified":null,"fetched_at":"2026-06-21 23:09:37.048501+00"}],"paragraph_count":2,"latest_history":null},"quality":{"expr_id":"511","doc_id":"511","quality_state":"needs_review","quality_score":"84","needs_human_review":"t","deterministic_categories":"{duplicate_text,page_header_footer_noise}","llm_categories":"{other,truncated_text}","repair_actions":"{collapse_duplicate_text,manual_review,reextract_full_text,strip_page_furniture}","finding_severity_counts":"{\"medium\": 2}","finding_summary":"Extraction contains non-legal artifacts and appears truncated at Section 6A; requires cleanup and verification of complete text.","assessed_at":"2026-06-22 15:29:45.254969+00","updated_at":"2026-06-22 15:29:45.254969+00"}}